Open Babel has heap buffer overflow in ChemKin ChemKinFormat::CheckSpecies

Summary

A memory-safety vulnerability in Open Babel's ChemKin parser caused
a heap buffer overflow when reading a crafted input file.

Details

The flaw was in ChemKinFormat::CheckSpecies. A malformed species
record caused the parser to write past the end of a heap-allocated
buffer.

Impact

Open Babel is a C++ library and CLI used to read and write chemistry
file formats; it is shipped by Linux distributions and embedded in
services that may parse untrusted input. Triggering this vulnerability
requires the victim to open a malicious ChemKin file with the
obabel tool, the OBConversion API, or any of the language
bindings (Python, Ruby, Java, R, Perl, C#, PHP).

Affected versions

All releases up to and including 3.1.1.

Patched version

3.2.0 (released 2026-05-26).

Patch

Fix commit: https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/af4a4212
Originally reported as #2830; fixes consolidated in #2913.

A minimized reproducer for this CVE is checked in under
test/files/fuzz_regress/ and is exercised on every CI build under
ASAN+UBSAN by the fuzzregresstest harness.

Credit

Reported via OSS-Fuzz.